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1. Suggest five measures to ensure sustainable water management at global and national levels.
2. Explain the importance of the lithosphere and its role in sustaining life on Earth.
3. Describe the major climatic factors and their influence on the environment.
4. Explain the major biotic factors and their role in an ecosystem.
5. Explain the major components of an ecosystem and their roles.
6. Explain the process of energy flow in an ecosystem with the help of a food chain.
7. What is an ecological pyramid? Explain its types with examples. (5)
8. What are biogeochemical cycles? Explain any two major biogeochemical cycles. (5)
9. What are the major threats to biodiversity? Explain any five with examples. (5)
10. What is the National Biodiversity Act, 2002? Explain its objectives and key features. (5)
11. How the geologists interpret Earth’s past and what are the methods used for it? (5)
12. How the cloud formation happens and list the various types of clouds? (5)
13. Differentiate characteristics and effects of El Nino and La Nina. (5)
14. Explain the stream hydrograph with a diagram and its role in understanding the dynamics of river flow? (5)
15. How does solar radiation interact with different atmospheric layers? (5)
16. What are the characteristics of a Good Fuel? (5)
17. What are solar collectors? Name any three types of solar collectors? (5)
18. What are the key strategies involved in managing energy resources efficiently and equitably? (5)
19. What do you understand by criteria Air pollutants in Indian context. Give example of min. six. (5)
20. Explain photochemical smog. Also write the process of its formation including chemical reactions. (5)
21. Please explain those factors which affect BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) of water bodies. (5)
22. What is Hazardous waste? Explain different types of hazardous wastes.
23. What do you understand by Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs)? Write its long range transport methods. (5)
24. Explain Biotransformation, Bioaccumulation and Biomagnification with example. (5)
25. What are different types of toxicity testing methods? (5)
26. Explain OHSAS-18000. (5)
27. Explain the role of the public in the EIA process. (5)
28. Comment on soil microorganisms and their role in sedimentary cycles. (5)
29. Discuss the significance of baseline monitoring in the EIA. (5)
30. Elaborate on the basic concept of disaster management. Write a note on the national disaster management framework. (5)
31. ‘Life can thrive in some of the most extreme environments on the planet’ – Elaborate. (5)
32. Site-specific EMP is required for developmental projects. Substantiate the statement. (5)
33. Explain the major types of landslides and their causative factors. (5)
34. How do you determine the microbiological water quality and what are the microbial indicators of water quality? (5)
35. Briefly explain the types of environmental impacts considered in EIA. (5)
36. Describe the general characteristics of Viruses and Fungi found in the environment. (5)
37. Describe the powers and function of Central pollution control board. (5)
38. Outline the salient features of PARIS-Agreement – 2015. (5)
39. What is the composition of National Biodiversity authority? (5)
40. What are the important features of CBD (Convention on Biological Diversity)? (5)
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